海外收入所得税抵免(FITO)警示

你有海外收入吗?最近的一个案例表明,你对于海外收入要付的税款可能比预期的更多。

如果你是澳大利亚居民并且有海外收入,比如投资收入,资产买卖,国外信托的收益等,通常在澳洲报税时,你需要申报你在境外的收入。如果你在澳洲以外的国家已经为这部分收入支付过税款,你可以申请海外收入所得税抵免 (FITO – foreign income tax offset) 以减少你在澳洲的纳税义务。

这听起来很简单,但是最近的一个案例突显出了一个问题,你实际需要支付的税款可能比你想象的更多。

在此案中,纳税人虽然是澳洲居民,但是因为在美国的出售不动产获得了收益,因此向美国政府支付了相应的资本增值税。同时,因为该纳税人持有海外资产已超过一年,所以所取得的大部分收益都是以15%的优惠税率纳税的, 而其他的收入在美国按照正常税率缴纳了35%的税。

资本增值同样也需要在澳洲进行纳税,并且可以享有减免50%的资本增值税(CGT)的优惠。

因为纳税人是澳洲居民并且已经在美国进行过纳税,所以纳税人申请了海外收入所得税抵免(FITO)。然而,澳洲税务局重新进行了评定,最终只允许抵扣他们在美国缴纳税款总额的50%。

纳税人面临的问题是,虽然美国和澳洲都有长期资产收益的税收优惠,但是它们的运作却截然不同。美国对整体收益采用较低的税率,而澳大利亚将的优惠政策为减免正常应收税额的一半(50%)。不幸的是,对于纳税人来说,联邦法院认为(专员的做法是正确的),如果纳税人在海外所缴付税额的资产收益没有在澳洲申报,那么是不能申请海外收入所得税抵免的。所以,此案中的一部分的资本利得税不能完全被抵消,因为这部分资产收益并没有在澳洲申报。

对于在海外获得资产收益时所上交的税额,纳税人通常认为可在澳洲得到税务抵消。不幸的是,情况并非如此。 通常如果在澳洲有交税记录的话,只有部分税款可抵消。

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