自管退休金(SMSF)适合我吗?

对有些人来说,自管退休金可以做为他们管理储蓄退休金的有效方法。但并不是每个人都适合这样的方式。很多因素需要列入考虑。例如,不同于行业管理退休基金,自主退休金不受澳大利亚审慎监管局的保障。万一遭窃或是因诈骗而造成财物损失,自主退休金帐户持有人无法按澳大利亚政府退休金赔偿方案得到赔偿。

居住要求

您需要注意的是,若要开设和管理自管退休金帐户,您必须是澳大利亚居民。如果您打算长期(一、两年,甚至更长时间)住在海外,需要另外告知。澳洲稅务局对于长期离境有严格的规定。若无法完全遵守相关规定,您的自管退休金帐户可能会被视为违规帐户,并且须缴纳巨额罚款。

单一目的评估

所有自管退休金帐户都必须符合单一目的评估,才能享有一般只适用于退休金的稅率优惠。这表示自管退休金必须保持「保障帐户持有人的退休生活」这项单一目的;若持有人在退休前身故,则保障其眷属。试图脱离单一目的评估将被视为严重违规。除了该帐户将会失去优惠稅率外,信讬人也将面临民事、刑事惩处。

信托人要求

正常退休金帐户与自管退休金帐户最大的差別在于每一位自管退休金帐户持有人都是信托人。任何人若有下列情节,则可能无法列为信托人:

  • 债务尚未清算的破产者;
  • 心智功能不全;
  • 曾被判定刑事罪刑者。

18岁以下的个人可作为自主退休金帐户持有人,但无法列为信托人。

作为信托人,您需要为您自管退休金帐户的所有操作负起全责,包括遵守退休金及相关稅收法规,以及进行各项投资决策。对于自主退休金的管理方式有相当严格的规范,若违反条约则须缴付罚款(每张罚单最高罚金可达一万澳元)。您的基金也可能失去优惠稅率的资格,另外澳洲稅务局亦可能采取其他反制手段。

管理信托基金的花费

根据澳洲稅务局针对自主退休金的最新报告,自管退休金的平均营运支出比例为1.10%。以自管退休金帐户的112万元的资产为例来说,相当於负担$12,200的成本。

相较于建立自管退休金帐户的花费,其年度管理费用是您更应该考量的重要因素。该费用将影响您对养老金的长期运用能力。长期来看,也会对您的投资回报以及养老金帐户规模有更显著的影响。

2014 不同资金规模的平均运营费用比较

资金规模 平均运营费用比率 平均运营成本
$50,0001-$100,000 5.99% $2,995-$5,990
$100,001-$200,000 4.86% $4,860-$9,720
$1,000,001-$2,000,000 0.91% $9,100-$18,200
$2,000,001 and higher $0.63% $12,600 and higher

 

这篇文章着重总结了建立及管理自主退休金帐户的花费,Fortis Financial Planning的财务规划仍想要向大部分的客户强调:比起一般的退休金帐户,自主退休金帐户需要您花费更多的心力来关注。做为信托人,您需要投入时间来管理您的养老金并您必须对自身的投资决策更有信心,以便从基金中获取最高的利润。

如果您正考虑建立自管退休金,Fortis Financial Planning建议您立即与我们联系,以便取得更为准确有效的帮助。

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